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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION & MAINTENANCE ENGINEERING

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION & MAINTENANCE ENGINEERING

(SSC JE | RRB JE | OSSC JE – HIGH WEIGHTAGE)

πŸ”Ή CHAPTER 1: BUILDING PLANNING & COMPONENTS

πŸ”Ή 1. ONE-PAGE PRECISE ONE-LINER NOTES (EXAM FOCUSED)

πŸ”Έ Definition

Building: A structure with walls and roof constructed to provide shelter, comfort, and protection for human activities.

πŸ”Έ Objectives of Good Building Planning

πŸ”Έ Basic Principles of Planning (Direct MCQs)

Term Meaning
Aspect Position of rooms w.r.t. sun & wind
Orientation Direction of building
Prospect View from inside
Privacy Visual & noise control
Grouping Logical room arrangement
Circulation Movement space
Sanitation Healthy living conditions

πŸ”Έ Areas in Building (Very Important)

Area Description
Carpet area Net usable area
Floor area Carpet + wall thickness
Built-up area Floor + balcony
Plinth area Built-up at floor level

πŸ”Έ Plinth

πŸ”Έ Standard Dimensions (Frequently Asked)

Item Standard Value
Room height 2.75 m
Door height 2.1 m
Door width 0.9 m
Window sill 750–900 mm
Stair width β‰₯ 900 mm
Headroom β‰₯ 2.1 m

πŸ”Ή CHAPTER 2: FOUNDATIONS

πŸ”Έ Definition

Foundation: Lowest part of structure which transfers load safely to soil.

πŸ”Έ Functions of Foundation

πŸ”Έ Classification Based on Depth

Type Condition
Shallow foundation Depth ≀ width
Deep foundation Depth > width

πŸ”Έ Types of Foundations (Very Repeated)

Foundation Use
Isolated footing Single column
Combined footing Closely spaced columns
Strap footing Unequal loads
Raft foundation Low SBC soil
Pile foundation Weak soil / heavy load

πŸ”Έ Bearing Capacity

πŸ”Ή CHAPTER 3: BRICK MASONRY

πŸ”Έ Brick (IS Standard)

πŸ”Έ Mortar (Exam Favorite)

Mortar Use
1:3 Rich work
1:6 Brick masonry (most common)
Lime mortar Old structures

πŸ”Έ Bonds (Direct MCQs)

Bond Feature
English bond Strongest
Flemish bond Decorative
Stretcher bond Partition walls
Header bond Thick walls

πŸ”Έ Comparison (Very Important)

English Bond Flemish Bond
Strong Less strong
Simple appearance Attractive
Used in load bearing Used in architecture

πŸ”Ή CHAPTER 4: DOORS, WINDOWS & VENTILATORS

πŸ”Έ Functions

πŸ”Έ Types of Doors

Door Use
Panelled Residential
Flush Offices
Sliding Hospitals
Revolving Hotels

πŸ”Έ Window Area Rule

πŸ”Ή CHAPTER 5: STAIRS

πŸ”Έ Stair Terms (Direct Questions)

πŸ”Έ Stair Formula (Most Important)

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πŸ”Έ Stair Standards

Parameter Value
Riser 150–175 mm
Tread 250–300 mm
Stair slope 25°–40Β°

πŸ”Ή CHAPTER 6: ROOFS

πŸ”Έ Classification

Roof Use
Flat RCC buildings
Pitched Rainfall areas
Shell Large spans

πŸ”Έ Roofing Materials

πŸ”Ή CHAPTER 7: PLASTERING & PAINTING

πŸ”Έ Plaster

Type Ratio
Cement plaster 1:3 to 1:6
Lime plaster 1:2
Gypsum plaster Finish coat

πŸ”Έ Paints

Paint Property
Distemper Cheap
Oil paint Durable
Enamel Glossy
Cement paint Exterior

πŸ”Ή CHAPTER 8: BUILDING DEFECTS & MAINTENANCE

πŸ”Έ Common Defects

Defect Cause
Cracks Settlement
Dampness Moisture
Efflorescence Salts
Peeling Poor adhesion

πŸ”Έ Damp Proofing Methods

Method Use
DPC Horizontal barrier
Cavity wall Moisture control
Waterproofing Roofs

πŸ”Ή IMPORTANT FORMULAS

πŸ”Έ Plinth Area Rate

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πŸ”Έ FAR

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πŸ”Ή IMPORTANT NUMERICAL EXAMPLES

πŸ”’ Example 1 (Easy)

Load = 600 kN, SBC = 200 kN/mΒ²

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πŸ”’ Example 2

No. of bricks in 2 mΒ³

πŸ”’ Example 3

Room area = 25 mΒ²
Window area (10%) = 2.5 mΒ²

πŸ”’ Example 4

Stair height = 3 m, Riser = 150 mm
Steps = 3000 / 150 = 20

πŸ”’ Example 5

Plaster volume for 100 mΒ² wall, 12 mm thick

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